Answer:
The physical infrastructure for X-ray crystallography structural biology includes synchrotrons, which are affordable by a nation. There are 47 in the world (lightsources.org). Each synchrotron provides a number of beamlines for experiments, usually including several optimized for macromolecular X-ray crystallography, often some for other structural biology techniques including SAXS (Small-Angle X-Ray Scattering) and CD (Circular Dichroism), and usually some beamlines for material sciences and other non-biological applications.
Explanation:
https://www.creative-biostructure.com/Data-Processing-and-Interpretation-584.htm
Answer:
<u>ion channels</u>
Explanation:
The plasma membrane plays a critical role in regulating and maintaining ionic potential inside the cell, relative to ionic concentration present outside the cell. The ion channels are specific, in that they only recognize and allow particular ions to pass through and block the rest. Their opening and closing depends on the ionic potential during that time period.
Answer:
Gas exchange during respiration occurs primarily through diffusion. Gas molecules move from a region of high concentration to a region of low concentration. Blood that is low in oxygen concentration and high in carbon dioxide concentration undergoes gas exchange with air in the lungs.
Explanation:
The right answer is Electromagnetic waves can transfer energy through empty space.
Electromagnetic radiation refers to a form of linear energy transfer. Visible light is electromagnetic radiation, but is only a small slice of the broad electromagnetic spectrum. The propagation of this radiation does not need material to move.
if we take the example of solar energy, it spreads in space, the atmosphere until reaching the earth.
Once it reaches a material, it gives rise to many phenomena such as attenuation, absorption, diffraction and refraction, redshift, interferences, echoes, electromagnetic parasites and biological effects.
2) Typhoonosis.
Here's why:
1)Salmonella-It's a pahtogen.
2)Typhoonosis-Typhoonosis doesn't exist, so it isn't a pathogen.
3) Staphylococcus Aureus-It's a pathogen.
4)Listeria-It's a pathogen.
I hope I helped! :)
