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kenny6666 [7]
2 years ago
12

The rda for protein increases by an additional ______ grams per day during pregnancy.

Biology
1 answer:
Artemon [7]2 years ago
8 0
The RDA for protein increases by an additional 25 grams per day during pregnancy.  Protein RDAs are calculated using 0.8 grams of protein per kilogram of body weight, which means an adult weighing 68 kilograms needs at least 54 grams of proteins each day . The RDA for pregnant and nursing women is a bit higher because of the protein needed for the growth of fetus, it is about 71 grams of protein per day.
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If acetyl-CoA is labeled with 14C at its methyl group, how many rounds of the cycle are required before 14CO2 is released?
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Answer:

14 CO₂ will be released in the second turn of the cycle

Explanation:

<u>Complete question goes like this</u>, "<em>The CO2 produced in one round of the citric acid cycle does not originate in the acetyl carbons that entered that round. If acetyl-CoA is labeled with 14C at the carbonyl carbon, how many rounds of the cycle are required before 14CO2 is released?</em>"

<u>The answer to this is</u>;

  • The labeled Acetyl of Acetyl-CoA becomes the terminal carbon (C4) of succinyl-CoA (which becomes succinate that is a symmetrical four carbon diprotic dicarboxylic acid from alpha-ketoglutarate).
  • Succinate converts into fumarate. Fumarate converts into malate, and malate converts into oxaloacetate. Because succinate is symmetrical, the oxaloacetate can have the label at C1 or C4.
  • When these condense with acetyl-CoA to begin the second round of the cycle, both of these carbons are discharged as CO2 during the isocitrate dehydrogenase and alpha-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase reactions (formation of alpha-ketoglutarate and succinyl-CoA respectively).

Hence, 14 CO₂ will be released in the second turn of the cycle.

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b) opening calcium pores in the membrane

Explanation:

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The neurotransmitters,  diffuse through the neuromuscular junction to bind  with the receptors on the <u>post-synaptic membrane on the post-synaptic neuron.</u> This  stimulates opening of<u> ligand gated sodium ions,</u> and sodium ions  diffuse into the post-synaptic neuronal membrane, to cause <u>depolarization</u>. if the stimulus is  up to the threshold levels   it  generate action potential.

Therefore , more calcium ions channels opening produces; more diffusion of neurotransmitters;leading to opening of more sodium channels for depolarization; and IPSP or EPSP  generation.

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