Benzene and alkyl-substituted benzenes can be hydroxylated by reaction with H2O2 in the presence of an acidic catalyst. What is
the structure of the reactive electrophile? Propose a mechanism for the reaction.
1 answer:
Answer:
The electrophile is the hydroxide free radical
Explanation:
The hydroxylation of benzene and benzene derivatives using hydrogen peroxide proceeds in the presence of an acidic catalyst. The electrophile in this reaction is the hydroxyl free radical generated in an initial step of the reaction.
This is actually a free radical reaction. The hydroxyl radical previously generated reacts with the benzene ring to yield a radical that undergoes further rearrangement to yield the product phenol. The intermediate, shown as part of this reaction mechanism (refer to image attached) is a specie in which the odd electron is delocalized over the entire benzene ring. Loss of a proton completes the reaction mechanism yielding the corresponding phenol.
You might be interested in
Answer:
in the attached image is the reaction mechanism.
Explanation:
The first reaction (reaction 1) shown in the attached image is the Wolff-Kishner reduction, which is characterized when the carbonyl is reduced to an alkane in the presence of a hydrazine and a base. In reaction 1, the aldehyde reacts with hydrazine to produce oxime. This mechanism begins with the attack of the amine on the carbonyl group. Proton exchange happens and the water leaves the molecule.
In reaction 2, the KOH is deprotoned in nitrogen and organized to form the bond between the nitrogen molecule. this deprotonation releases the nitrogen gas
