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Alecsey [184]
3 years ago
10

The Wolff-Kishner reaction involves the reaction of an aldehyde/ketone with hydrazine in the presence of KOH. The process is use

ful for converting an aldehyde or ketone into an alkane. The reaction involves formation of a hydrazone, followed by base-catalyzed double-bond migration, loss of N2 gas to give a carbanion, and protonation to give the alkane. Draw curved arrows to show the movement of electrons in this step of the mechanism. Arrow-pushing Instructions

Chemistry
1 answer:
Ivan3 years ago
6 0

Answer:

in the attached image is the reaction mechanism.

Explanation:

The first reaction (reaction 1) shown in the attached image is the Wolff-Kishner reduction, which is characterized when the carbonyl is reduced to an alkane in the presence of a hydrazine and a base. In reaction 1, the aldehyde reacts with hydrazine to produce oxime. This mechanism begins with the attack of the amine on the carbonyl group. Proton exchange happens and the water leaves the molecule.

In reaction 2, the KOH is deprotoned in nitrogen and organized to form the bond between the nitrogen molecule. this deprotonation releases the nitrogen gas

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In which reaction does the oxidation number of hydrogen change? In which reaction does the oxidation number of hydrogen change?
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<u>Answer:</u> The correct answer is 2Na(s)+2H_2O(l)\rightarrow 2NaOH(aq.)+H_2(g)

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Oxidation number is defined as the number which is given to an atom when it looses or gains electron. When an atom looses electron, it attains a positive oxidation state. When an atom gains electron, it attains a negative oxidation state.

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For the given chemical reactions:

  • <u>Reaction 1:</u>  2HClO_4(aq.)+CaCO_3(s)\rightarrow Ca(ClO_4)_2(aq.)+H_2O(l)+CO_2 (g)

Oxidation state of hydrogen on reactant side: +1

Oxidation state of hydrogen on product side: +1

Thus, the oxidation state of hydrogen is not changing.

  • <u>Reaction 2:</u>  CaO(s)+H_2O(l)\rightarrow Ca(OH)_2(s)

Oxidation state of hydrogen on reactant side: +1

Oxidation state of hydrogen on product side: +1

Thus, the oxidation state of hydrogen is not changing.

  • <u>Reaction 3:</u>  HCl(aq.)+NaOH(aq.)\rightarrow NaCl(aq.)+H_2O(l)

Oxidation state of hydrogen on reactant side: +1

Oxidation state of hydrogen on product side: +1

Thus, the oxidation state of hydrogen is not changing.

  • <u>Reaction 4:</u>  2Na(s)+2H_2O(l)\rightarrow 2NaOH(aq.)+H_2(g)

Oxidation state of hydrogen on reactant side: +1

Oxidation state of hydrogen on product side: 0

Thus, the oxidation state of hydrogen is changing.

  • <u>Reaction 5:</u>  SO_2(g)+H_2O(l)\rightarrow H_2SO_3(aq.)

Oxidation state of hydrogen on reactant side: +1

Oxidation state of hydrogen on product side: +1

Thus, the oxidation state of hydrogen is not changing.

Hence, the correct answer is 2Na(s)+2H_2O(l)\rightarrow 2NaOH(aq.)+H_2(g)

6 0
3 years ago
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