Answer: B, C and D
Explanation:
Option A is wrong because protons are not pumped into the matrix of the mitochondria, but rather protons are pumped from the mitochondrial matrix to the inner membrane space.
Option B is correct. The NADH dehydrogenase, cytochrome b-c1, and cytochrome oxidase complexes are all protons pumps and pump protons across the membrane.
Option C. Is correct. The pH inside the mitochondrial matrix is higher than in the innner membrane space.
Option D is correct. The mitochondria use the proton gradient to synthesize ATP by the enzyme ATP synthase.
Living things in the environment such as plants, animals, and bacteria are biotic factors. Biotic factors also include once-living parts such as dead leaves on the forest floor. Abiotic factors are nonliving aspects of the environment such as sunlight, temperature and water. One important abiotic factor is soil.
Velocity change increases as the force increases.
Even though this question is incomplete, but we can approach it from the stand point of Newton's second law of motion.
According to this law, force is directly proportional to change in velocity.
F = m(v - u)/t
F = force applied
m = mass of the body
v = final velocity of the body
u = initial velocity of the body
t = time taken
This means that velocity change increases as force increases.
Answer:
b many ogansisms have become exinct
Explanation: