D. Number of protons in an atom's nucleus
Inadequate dietary vitamin D or its deficiency leads to malabsorption of calcium. Nutritional disorder leads to the rare disease rickets, which causes bones to become soft and bend in children. In adults, vitamin D deficiency leads to osteomalacia, which causes weak bones, bone pain and muscle weakness.
The body needs vitamin D to properly absorb calcium and phosphorus from the diet. However, keeping the right quantities of calcium and phosphorus in bones is challenging when vitamin D levels are low.
The two sources of vitamin D are-
- Natural sunlight
- Foods such as fish oil, Egg yolk and fatty fishes like salmon and mackerel
There are other disease conditions which lead to poor absorption of vitamin D-
- Inflammatory bowel disease
- Celiac diseases
- Kidney problems
To learn more about Rickets here-
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Non-human life differs from that because the environments are covered with like sewers, buildings, and roads. Green spaces such as parks, backyards, and undeveloped lots are scattered in among the developed areas instead of all connected together. Plants and animals have to deal with exposure to toxins from vehicles and loss of habitat and food sources.
Answer:
The correct option is A. Steroid hormones exert their action by entering the nucleus of a cell and initiating or altering the expression of a gene.
Explanation:
Steroid hormones are derived from cholesterol and regulate multiple biological processes. All steroid hormones exert their action by crossing the plasma membrane and by binding with their respective intracellular receptors. They stimulate cell growth in a very different way, their lipophilic nature gives them the ability to cross lipid barriers, so, without the need for extracellular signals, these hormones can easily enter the cell, cross the cytoplasm and reach the nucleus. There they bind to specific receptors that are associated with DNA promoter regions, modifying their structure and promoting the expression of the genes under their control.
Answer:
-20 kcal/mol (It stays the same)
Explanation:
Enzymes will reduce the Gibbs free energy of activation, but will neither increase or decrease the free energy of reaction.
Enzymes means of activity is by decreasing the activation energy (Ea or ΔG✳) for a reaction. This in turn raises the reaction rate.
Free energy of reaction
= free energy of product - free energy of substrate
The free energy of the product remains constant even without the enzyme. Hence, the enzyme would show no effect on the free energy of the reaction.
The attached image shows the effect of changes in enzyme concentration on the free energy.
