Answer:
Hey I found this on You Tube it may help u a lot
Explanation:
https://youtu.be/ab9BdT6fYJ8
Answer:

Explanation:
From the question we are told that:
Plane strain fracture toughness of 
Y value 
Stress level of
Generally the equation for length of a surface crack is mathematically given by



Therefore
in mm

Answer:
The database has three tables for tracking horse-riding lessons: Horse with columns: ID - primary key; RegisteredName; Breed; Height; BirthDate.
Explanation:
Answer:
a)σ₁ = 265.2 MPa
b)σ₂ = -172.8 MPa
c)
d)Range = 438 MPa
Explanation:
Given that
Mean stress ,σm= 46.2 MPa
Stress amplitude ,σa= 219 MPa
Lets take
Maximum stress level = σ₁
Minimum stress level =σ₂
The mean stress given as


2 x 46.2 = σ₁ + σ₂
σ₁ + σ₂ = 92.4 MPa --------1
The amplitude stress given as


2 x 219 = σ₁ - σ₂
σ₁ - σ₂ = 438 MPa --------2
By adding the above equation
2 σ₁ = 530.4
σ₁ = 265.2 MPa
-σ₂ = 438 -265.2 MPa
σ₂ = -172.8 MPa
Stress ratio



Range = 265.2 MPa - ( -172.8 MPa)
Range = 438 MPa
Answer:
Implements a reordering of the letters of the alphabet.
Explanation: GIVE ME 5 STARS AND a HEART!!! Those contacts are wired across the rotor so that each contact on the left connects to the contact on the right in some scrambled arrangement. Each rotor, therefore, implements a reordering of the letters of the alphabet, which mathematicians call a permutation.