Answer:
1. The difference between the normal hemoglobin protein DNA sequence and the sickle cell hemoglobin DNA sequence is a base to base shift, in this case adenine (GAG) to thymine (GTG).
2. The difference affects the amino acid sequence of the protein by replacing glutamic acid (Glu) with valine (Val).
Explanation:
In sickle cell anemia, a change in the DNA nucleotide sequence is observed, where adenine is substituted by thymine, whose expression is the change in the amino acid sequence of globine β, incorporating valine instead of glutamic acid. This represents a molecular mutation - point mutation - by subtitution, which corresponds to missense mutation.
<u>Normal hemoglobin protein in a RBC</u>
DNA CTG ACT CCT GAG GAG AAG TCT
Amino acids Leu Thr Pro Glu Glu Lys Ser
<u>Sickle cell hemoglobin protein in a RBC</u>
DNA CTG ACT CCT <em>GTG</em> GAG AAG TCT
Amino acids Leu Thr Pro <em>Val</em> Glu Lys Ser
When GAG is transcribed to mRNA, the CUC codon is obtained, which codes for glutamic acid. Thymine substitution causes the DNA sequence to change to GTG, which is transcribed as CAC, the codon that encodes the amino acid valine. The <u>change from glutamic acid to valine in β-globin causes an altered hemoglobin, giving the abnormal erythrocytes observed in sickle cell disease</u>.
Answer:
Heliotropism
Explanation:
it's a type of tropism which is when a plant moves to where the sun is at because something is blocking it from getting sunlight which is why it moves to the sun
Answer:
Sample A
T= 21.3% and A= 21.3%
G=28.7% and C= 28.7%
SAMPLE B
T=28.7% and A= 28.7%
G= 21.3% and C= 21.3%
Sample A would have higher melting temperature
Explanation:
According to given information, sample A contains 21.3% thymine.
Percentage of adenine in sample A= 21.3% (Since adenine base pairs with thymine, so, adenine and thymine are present in equal amount in a double stranded DNA)
Total of A+T in sample A= 21.3 + 21.3 = 42.6%
G+ C content of sample A= 100-42.6= 57.4%
Percent G content of sample A = 57.4/2 = 28.7%
Percent C content of sample A = 28.7%
SAMPLE B:
According to the given information, sample B contains 28.7% thymine.
Therefore, percent of Adenine base in sample B= 28.7%
Total of A+T content in sample B= 28.7 + 28.7 = 57.4%
G + C content of the sample B = 100-57.4= 42.6%
Percent G content of the sample B= 42.6/2= 21.3%
Percent C content of sample B = 21.3%
There are three hydrogen bonds between a GC pair while there are only two hydrogen bonds between AT pair. The DNA content with higher GC content has higher melting temperature. Therefore, sample A would have higher melting temperature.
It is called the Milky Way because it appears as a milky band of light in the sky when you see it in a really dark area. Just as the Earth goes around the Sun, the Sun goes around the center of the Milky Way.
Passes laws to protect the environment
