Answer:
The order of increasing speed is: Cl₂ < CO₂ < Ar < N₂ < H₂.
Explanation:
- Thomas Graham found that, at a constant temperature and pressure the rates of effusion of various gases are inversely proportional to the square root of their masses.
<em>∨ ∝ 1/√M.</em>
where, ∨ is the rate of diffusion of the gas.
M is the molar mass of the gas.
Molar mass of N₂ = 28.0 g/mol.
Molar mass of H₂ = 2.0 g/mol.
Molar mass of Cl₂ = 70.9 g/mol.
Molar mass of CO₂ = 44.0 g/mol.
Molar mass of Ar = 39.94 g/mol.
∵ Molar mass of Cl₂ > Molar mass of CO₂ > Molar mass of Ar > Molar mass of N₂ > Molar mass of H₂.
<em>Remember that ∨ ∝ 1/√M.</em>
∴ The speed of H₂ > N₂ > Ar > CO₂ > Cl₂.
<em>So, the order of increasing speed is: Cl₂ < CO₂ < Ar < N₂ < H₂.</em>
Physical properties of matter
Explanation:
Ionic compounds are formed when two opposite charge atoms combine together. Therefore, there is strong force of attraction between the ions.
In order to break this ionic bond, high heat is required. As a result, the boiling point of ionic compounds is high.
Out of the given options, , KCl, and NaCl are all ionic compounds because the bond formation in these compounds is due to the transfer of electrons.
Hence, all these solutions have high boiling point.
Whereas is a covalent compound, that is, it is formed by sharing of electrons. There is weak force of attraction between iron and chlorine atoms thus, has low boiling point.
Therefore, we can conclude that solutions with highest boiling point are as follows.
- 1 molar solution.
- 1 molar KCl solution.
- 1 molar NaCl solution.