Answer:
1. b
2. a
3. a
4. b
5. b
6. a
7. a or b (they're the same)
(Punnett square and chart attached)
Explanation:
1. The father is a non-roller, as was given in the question. Remember that a phenotype is the physical trait displayed by an organism.
2. In order for the father to be a non-roller, the recessive non-roller allele would have to be expressed. In order for this to happen, he would need two recessive alleles.
3. The gene for tongue rolling is dominant, so if the mother is heterozygous (she has one dominant allele and one recessive allele), then she will be a tongue roller.
4. The mother has a dominant allele and a recessive allele.
5. 50% of the offspring have the Rr genotype and 50% have the rr genotype. This means that there is a 50% of having a tongue-rolling child and a 50% chance of having a non-rolling child.
6. Because the possibility of the offspring having either genotype is 50/50, the ratio would be written as 1:1. Both outcomes are equally likely.
7. Because the possibility of the offspring having either phenotype is 50/50, the ratio would be written as 1:1. Both outcomes are equally likely.
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