Answer: Genetic variation describes naturally occurring genetic differences among individuals of the same species. Gene duplication, mutation, or other processes can produce new genes and alleles and increase genetic variation. New genetic variation can be created within generations in a population, so a population with rapid reproduction rates will probably have high genetic variation. And there are the reasons.
Explanation:
Stages:
1. Glycolysis:
- anaerobic
- occurs in the cytoplasm
- input- 2 ATP, glucose NAD
- output- 2 pyruvate NADH
2. TCA:
- aerobic
- occurs in the mitochondrial matrix
- input- oxygen, pyruvate (decarboxylated to acetyl coA), 1 ADP+ P, 8 NAD, 2 FAD
- output- 8 NADH and 2 FADH2, 2 ATP
3. ETC:
- aerobic
- occurs in the inner mitochondrial membrane
- input: 8 NADH and 2 FADH2, 34 ADP+ P
- output: 8 NAD and 2 FAD 34 ATP
Cellular respiration begins in the cytoplasm, where glucose is broken down for energy production. In the presence of an oxygen rich environment, eukaryotes may carry out aerobic respiration.
overall, in aerobic respiration: C6H12O6 (glucose) + 6 O2 → 6 CO2 + 6 H2O + ≈38 ATP
Further Explanation:
In all eukaryotic cells mitochondria are small cellular organelles bound by membranes, these make most of the chemical energy required for powering the biochemical reactions within the cell. This chemical energy is stored within the molecule ATP which is produced. Respiration in the mitochondria utilizes oxygen for the production of ATP in the Krebs’ or Citric acid cycle via the oxidization of pyruvate( through the process of glycolysis in the cytoplasm).
Oxidative phosphorylation describes a process in which the NADH and FADH2 made in previous steps of respiration process give up electrons in the electron transport chain these are converted it to their previous forms, NADH+ and FAD. Electrons continue to move down the chain the energy they release is used in pumping protons out of the matrix of the mitochondria.
This forms a gradient where there is a differential in the number of protons on either side of the membrane the protons flow or re-enter the matrix through the enzyme ATP synthase, which makes the energy storage molecules of ATP from the reduction of ADP. At the end of the electron transport, three molecules of oxygen accept electrons and protons to form molecules of water...
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Answer:
do. contains radioactive DNA
Answer:
They found evidence of an impact crater in Mexico
Explanation:
The K-Pg boundary is the boundary between the Cretaceous period and the Paleogene period, but also marking the end of the Mesozoic era and the beginning of the Cenozoic era. This boundary is dated to roughly 66 million years ago. The K-Pg boundary is characterized with a mass extinction. The dominant organisms on Earth all died out, including the dinosaurs, both terrestrial and aquatic, as well as the flying reptilians, with only the birds surviving from that super-family. The reason for the mass extinction has been an impact with an asteroid or a comet, that was very large and hit the Earth where the Yucatan Peninsula in modern day Mexico is located. The impact was devastating, with heat waves, tsunamis, earthquakes, triggering of the majority of the volcanoes, wildfires, all combined managed to devastate the environment, thus big portion of the species living in it as well. The lucky survivors were smaller organisms, and the mammals turned out to be the most successful in occupying the empty niches and have became the dominant organisms on the planet.
<span>GLYCOGEN.............
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