The five cities connected by the Madrid-Seville High-Speed Rail (HSR)—Madrid, Ciudad Real, Puertollano, Cordoba, and Seville—that have changed their land cover are the subject of this study. Between 1991 and 2006, there was an analysis. According to the report, the two largest cities in the Madrid-Seville region—Madrid and Seville—receive the majority of the benefits from land development, although smaller HSR-served cities also gain from this. Each city has its own unique land development process.
Madrid–Seville high-speed rail line.
The 472 kilometres (293 miles) long Madrid-Seville high-speed line, also known as NAFA or Nuevo Acceso Ferroviario a Andaluca, is a Spanish railway line used for high-speed travel between Madrid and Seville. Since April 21, 1992, the first high-speed rail link in Spain has been operational, reaching speeds of up to 300 km/h (186 mph). Over half less time was required to go between the two end points.
The high-speed rail line from Madrid to Malaga departs at Cordoba. Only the Alvia service is extended from Seville to Cádiz.
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Answer:
242.65
Explanation:
Data provided in the question:
year 2011 2012 2013
Salary $65,000 $72,000 $76,000
Consumer Price Index 226 230 235
Real Interest Rate 2.5% 2.7% 1.8%
Nominal interest rate for 2013 = 7.3%
Now,
Rate of inflation for 2013 = Nominal rate - Real rate
= 7.3% - 1.8%
= 5.5%
Therefore,
CPI in 2013 = Consumer Price Index in 2012 × (1 + inflation )
= 230 × ( 1 + 0.055 )
= 242.65
Answer:
The public debt as a percentage of GDP in the United States, reached its lowest point in recent decades, in 2001, when it represented 54.9% of GDP.
After that year, this indicator began to increase, at first slowly, and from 2007 on very rapidly, propelled in part by the financial crisis. In 2010, the public debt as percentage of GDP was 89.3%.
Answer:
A. nominal interest rate is equal to the expected inflation rate plus the equilibrium real interest rate.
Explanation:
Inflation can be defined as the persistent general rise in the price of goods and services in an economy at a specific period of time.
Generally, inflation usually causes the value of money to fall and as a result, it imposes more cost on an economy.
When this persistent rise in the price of goods and services in an economy becomes rapid, excessive, unbearable and out of control over a period of time, it is generally referred to as hyperinflation.
The Fisher effect states that the nominal interest rate is equal to the expected inflation rate plus the equilibrium real interest rate.
Thus, the real interest rate in a particular country's economy equals the nominal interest rate minus the expected inflation rate.
All things being equal (Ceteris paribus), the expected inflation rate of a country's economy would eventually cause an equal rise in the interest rate that the deposits of the country's currency can offer. Also, as inflation increases, the real interest rate falls or decreases.
