Answer:
It is likely that the genomic sequences that were used did not enable to properly observe the evolutionary relationships among the species analyzed
Explanation:
The homology level between the genomic sequences may be too low to separate species that are phylogenetically related. In these cases, it is necessary to make a genetic analysis of the sequences that are used before the phylogenetic analysis
Answer:
They are used as an indicator organism for pathogenic bacteria.
Explanation:
Coliforms are bacteria found in digestive tract of animals and humans. They are non-pathogenic, easy to culture and are used as an alternative indirect testing for presence of other microorganisms. Coliforms thrive in exact environmental conditions like other pathogenic bacteria, thus often used to indicate whether they are bacteria found in drinking water and swimming pools that might end up causing infections.
Therefore the existence of coliforms in water easily indicates feacal contamination.
Seafloor spreading occurs when two plates diverge
True, Chordates are animals in Phylum Chordata.Chordates include all of the vertebrates, in which the notochord develops into a backbone, as well as some invertebrates. Invertebrate chordates include tunicates and lancelets.
Answer:
The transcription rate will slow down in the cells that carry mutant sigma factor.
Explanation:
Sigma factor play an important role during initiation of transcription.The sigma factor binds to the core RNA polymerase(that contains alpha,beta,beta dash and omega subunit) to form hollow enzyme.
The binding to sigma factor to core RNA polymerase initiates the formation closed promoter complex and the release of sigma factor result in the formation of open promoter complex that signals the ending of transcription initiation.
Now if the sigma factor binds tightly to the core RNA polymerase then it will be difficult for the sigma factor to get dissiciated from hollow enzyme,as a result transcription will remain in the initiation phase. So the process cannot enter the elongation phase.
