Question

1) How is DNA condensed to form a chromosome?

Answer 1

Answer:

Hello! Here are the answers:

1. Chromosomes are a highly condensed form of a combination of DNA and protein called chromatin. DNA strands (negatively charged) are tightly wound around these proteins called histones (positively charged) to form chromosomes.
2. Mechanism genes code for for proteins that govern life processes. These genes or portions of DNA  are called exons. DNA segments between these exons are called introns that strictly code for regulatory proteins and also contain genetic regulatory elements (DNA sequences that control gene expression).
3. Gene expression is the process of translation of DNA sequences into proteins. The genetic code is the nucleotide sequence in the DNA itself that codes for different amino acids that combine together to form a functional protein.

Explanation:

* 2. The intronic regions are misleadingly referred to as "junk DNA" but introns code for crucial regulatory elements that control gene expression.

* 3. The genetic code determines the sequence of amino acids in various proteins.