<span> first appearance is your answer</span>
The best answer from the ones mentioned is the last one: encomienda.
Encomienda is a system where the stronger partner provides protection to the weaker one in exchange for goods and services.
Answer: senatorial courtesy
Explanation:
It's a custom that allows the US Senate the right to confirm or not to confirm a presidential appointment of an official in or from a state when the appointment is opposed by the senators.
ᅟᅟᅟᅟᅟᅟᅟᅟᅟᅟᅟᅟ
<span>ᅟᅟᅟᅟᅟᅟᅟᅟᅟᅟᅟᅟ</span>
he called them the Brains Trust