Answer:
Excess nitrogen can cause over-stimulation of growth of aquatic plants and algae. Excessive growth of these organisms, in turn, can clog water intakes, use up dissolved oxygen as they decompose, and block light to deeper waters. So few organisms live in these conditions or even can suffocate and die.
Answer: Clathrin cages assemble, vesicles form but cannot be pinched of but no disassembly occurs so the vesicles remain coated in clathrin.
Explanation:
Endocytosis is a cellular mechanism that allows the introduction of extracellular material into the cell. Clathrin-coated vesicles act to incorporate different molecules that are recognized by specific proteins located in the clathrin-coated pits. Upon invagination of a portion of the plasma membrane, the material is transported to its final intracellular destination.
<u>Clathrin is a protein that forms the lining of cell membrane microcavities where various receptors are located. Once a particle is recognized by the receptors, invagination of the plasma membrane occurs, which then fuses to form an endocellular vesicle.</u> When vesicle budding occurs, the vesicle is detached from its attachment to the membrane with the help of a GTPase protein called dynamin. Then, the vesicle is freed from clathrin by the action of a type of ATP-ase called Hsp70-ATP and docks to late endosomes that are immediate precursors of lysosomes, fusing the membranes of both. The fission of the clathrin-coated vesicle is controlled by the GTPase dynamin and it has been proposed that dynamin acts by generating the necessary force to strangle the "neck" and cleave the vesicles from the membrane. So they are mainly involved in the cleavage of newly formed vesicles from the membrane of one cell compartment, their orientation, and their fusion with another compartment. Also, without the dynamin, vesicles are not freed from clathrin.
<u>In the absence of dynamin, vesicles are formed but the membrane fusion or pinching off will not occur. Then, invaginated coated pits will be found.</u>
Answer:
The correct answer will be option-A
Explanation:
Cytochalasin is the metabolic product released from the fungus. The cytochalasin acts a toxin to the cell as it inhibits the division of the cell.
Cytochalasin act by inhibiting the cytoplasmic separation during cell division as it blocks the formation of contractile microfilaments. The presence of cytochalasin inhibits the elongation of acing filament as it blocks the addition of the monomer to the growing end of the filament.
Since it prevents the formation of the contractile rings and cytoplasmic separation, therefore, option-A is the correct answer.
Answer:
In an individual's molecular and cellular level, the heterozygote alleles are preferred over the homozygote alleles. In humans, the heterozygote alleles are found at a locus of beta polypeptide subunit of hemoglobin, while on the other hand, the homozygous alleles found at a similar locus are prone to sickle cell disease.
The individuals carrying homozygous alleles exhibit sickle-shaped RBCs and they also possess low oxygen-carrying capacity, which ultimately results in brain, kidney, or heart failure. However, in the case of heterozygous alleles, the configurations of RBCs are of two kinds, that is, normal shaped and sickle-shaped. Thus, there are not enough sickle-shaped cells to result in the condition.
The heterozygote alleles are resistant to malaria, thus, in tropical areas, where malaria is a prime issue the heterozygote alleles are preferred over the homozygote dominant alleles as they are vulnerable to the infection and over the homozygote recessive alleles who has sickle cell disease.
Carbon cycle, one of the most important elements that make up the structure of living things in an ecosystem carbon. Carbon is found in the structure of all organic compounds in living things.
Earth is important warehouses;
Atmospheric CO2In the waters of CO2 and HCO3-Land, usually coal, is the structure of the oil and limestone.<span>Photosynthesis by plants using airborne CO2 and O2 is converted to organic compounds. By participating in CO2 carbon all live in the structure of the building is used as a raw organic food energy and structure. In respiratory events again returned to the atmosphere as CO2. If a portion of the carbon is deposited on the ground layer mineral or dead plants and animals through the soil into the organic waste. Here are separated by saprophytes live or coal goes back into the atmosphere through the use of fossil fuels such as oil. However, excessive use of fossil fuels in the atmosphere the CO2 greenhouse effect climate change will bring about in the world, raises a few degrees increase and the consequent danger of melting glaciers at the poles of the temperature.</span><span />
