A. It relied on safe houses run by northern whites and blacks to move slaves to Canada.
The Chinese empire has been subject to unfair unilateral treatment for centuries. As foreign powers such as the Portuguese and the British sought to get their hands on this country's riches. This can be seen during the Opium Wars, which led to the colonization of the ports of Macao and Hong Kong, by the Portuguese and British respectively.
The military power exercised over China by foreign powers was replaced by the economic power of this same nations in the form of foreign investment that comes to China and sets up manufacturing sites that set unideal working conditions for Chinese locals at the expense of the enrichment of these businesses.
The greatest European superpower, with the largest landholdings during the age of imperialism was "Great Britain," since they had control of some of the most advantageous locations in Africa, along with places like India that greatly enriched them through trade.
The government had agreed to stop funding Shinto, which those they made the treaty with hoped this would take power away from the Emperor. So Shinto became more of a culture thing instead of a religious thing.
