Answer:
The closing process is necessary in order to confirm that net income or net loss and owner withdrawals for the period are closed into the owner's capital account.
Explanation:
Most economies around the world follow a specific accounting period which is commonly referred to as financial year or tax year. Before a new financial year begins, the accounts from the ongoing financial year have to be closed legitimately through a process called the 'closing process'. This process culminates in confirming that the net income secured or the net loss bore by the owner is included in no other account than the owner's capital account.
In order to carry out the closing process, the accountant has to commence with identifying the accounts that are required to be closed with or before the ending of the predefined financial period. He then has to record the last entries in these accounts as 'closing entries'. Once the accounts are closed, he has to calculate the trial balance and interpret the outcome. Closing of temporary accounts through a valid closing process dispenses the ease of calculating profit and loss in any given financial period coming to end.
Answer:
a. $1,765,000
Explanation:
Total stockholder’s equity on December 31, 2013 = Total equity at end 2012 – amount paid for 3,000 shares were reacquired at $28 per share – amount paid for 3,000 shares were reacquired at $35 per share + amount collect from 1,800 shares of treasury stock were sold at $30 per share + net income of $450,000
= $1,450,000 – 3,000 * $28 – 3,000 * $35 + 1,8000 *$30 + $450,000 = $1,765,000
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Answer:A) one year
Explanation: The unbiased expectations theory, also known as the expectation theory aims to estimate how much the short term interest rates will amount to in future. This is based on long term interest rates. Forward rates are used to predict the value of interests in the future based on the values calculated today. A maturity of 1 year has the lowest interest rate because it is not given enough time to grow. Interest rates tend to grow better over a longer period of time. Therefore in terms of expectation theory the longer the maturity the better the chances of interest rate growth.
Answer:
1. The company's profit margin is 13.4% percent.
profit margin = net income / net sales = $45,064 / $336,329 = 13.4%
2. The total asset turnover is 0.82 times.
asset turnover ratio = net sales / average assets = $336,329 / [($387,891 + $432,000)/2] = $336,329 / $409,945.50 = 0.82
3. The equity multiplier is 1.7 times.
equity multiplier = average total assets / average total equity = $409,945.50 / [($205,936 + $275,000)/2] = $409,945.50 / $240,468 = 1.70
4. Using the Du Pont Identity, the company's ROE is 18.68% percent.
ROE = profit margin x asset turnover x equity multiplier (or financial leverage) = 0.134 x 0.82 x 1.7 = 0.1868 = 18.68%
