By individual. A performance appraisal is a formal procedure used to survey a representative's adequacy and efficiency and fills both regulatory and formative needs. Officially, it helps manage basic leadership with respect to business activities, work force arranging and preparing and advancement.
I think that the best answer here is the growth of cities: more people lived in cities and those people had more connection to the nation, rather than to the village only, as they saw more of the country, and got to know and interact with a lot more people than people living in urban areas.
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No, because there's no reason to. If the US were to wage war against Britain, Britain would have all of Europe on their sides.
In the earlier part of the twentieth century, food spoilage was more of a concern. This is because there were fewer preservatives and less refrigeration. Antibiotics can also be a correct answer as well. Nowadays, food is filled with artificial flavors, colors and preservatives which lead to a longer shelf life.