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Novay_Z [31]
3 years ago
14

Which process occurs only in autotrophic organisms?

Biology
1 answer:
attashe74 [19]3 years ago
6 0
The answer is photosynthesis
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Minerals have a crystal structure, yet, crystals are relatively rare. What are the reasons for this?
Licemer1 [7]

Answer:

What are relatively rare are crystals of a size visible to the naked eye, and also showing most of the faces that reveal the internal symmetry of their atomic pattern.

Explanation:

Being crystalline, i.e. having a regularly repeated three-dimensional atomic pattern, does not mean that a mineral necessarily formed under conditions where it could nucleate (i.e. assemble as the tiny cluster of atoms that is the “seed” of a single crystal) and keep growing large flat faces until a regular shape becomes visible to the observer.

To a crystallographer who can seek proof of internal atomic order by X-ray diffraction, the actual size of a solid made of highly ordered matter is irrelevant. Specific techniques (variants of X-ray diffraction methods, or polarizing microscopy) can reveal that a solid material is made of a single crystal (i.e. a uniform atomic pattern is repeated in the same orientation anywhere throughout the solid) or consists of many crystals (the same pattern occurs, but it is oriented differently in what are considered individual crystals regardless of their individual shape or size).

For precision, a crystallographer or a mineralogist will use terms such as “monocrystalline” (the atomic pattern has a single orientation throughout the entire specimen, regardless of shape and size) and “polycrystalline” (the specimen is an aggregate, or collection, of “domains” or “grains” in which the atomic pattern is in an orientation different from its neighbours).

A perfect single crystal of quartz, broken in several chunks, doesn’t lose its internal atomic pattern, only its external “habit” (the overall shape imparted by the flat faces that grew, layer by layer, along directions controlled by the rate of addition to the atomic pattern). Each individual broken chip of quartz is considered “monocrystalline” by the mineralogist, even if none ofo them is the whole original crystal.

Most igneous and metamorphic rocks are polycrystalline, i.e. entirely made of crystals, often tightly packed and interlocked. You may discern individual grains mostly when light reflects off surfaces exposed by breaking along preferred directions within some minerals, or because grains from different minerals contrast in colour or luster. Few of the grains will have a regular geometric shape, despite each one being a single crystal. In the case of an igneous rock, some of the well-formed crystal are typically minerals who grew early from the still-liquid magma. Most of the other minerals simply filled the remaining space. If an igneous magma was “gassy” or “watery”, those volatiles may have remained trapped in the last stages of crystallization and formed late pockets in which a few crystals of exceptional quality grew from the remaining dilute magma and had the space needed to fully develop perfect faces. In many rocks, it is later fractures that provided an “open space” in which crystals could grow larger and with well-developed faces from hydrothermal fluids (overheated ion-rich waters), for the future delight of collectors.

3 0
3 years ago
Which of the following statements is true about the structure of the cell membrane?
miskamm [114]

Answer:

The correct answer is:

The two layers of the plasma membrane are identical.

Explanation:

The plasma membrane is called a lipid bilayer because it is composed of two layers of cells and it makes the boundary of cell.

The other three statements are false because

Plasma membrane is semipermeable i.e it allows the transport of materials inside and outside the cell.

The proteins in the plasma membrane are integral proteins

The proteins in the plasma membrane are extensively folded and protruding from the membrane are in contact with inside and outside the cell.

4 0
3 years ago
dude my friend said he would gimme a dollar if I begged for subs for the brainliest And actually gained a sub.
pentagon [3]

Answer: cool man good for you what’s your y.t channel

Explanation:

5 0
3 years ago
Please answer ;-;
miskamm [114]

Answer:

<h3><u>Required Answer</u><u>:</u><u>-</u></h3>
  • To find velocity of a object we need 3 factors
  1. Magnitude
  2. speed
  3. Distance
  • Hence Here both option A and C are correct

3 0
2 years ago
Read 2 more answers
Which kind of carbon dating can be used to determine the exact age of the rock and which kind of carbon dating is used to compar
KATRIN_1 [288]

They use absolute dating methods, sometimes called numerical dating, to give rocks an actual date, or date range, ... However, there are radiometric dating methods that can be used on sedimentary rock, including luminescence dating

i hope this help

sorry if it wrong

7 0
3 years ago
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