<em>mC₃H₈: 44 g/mol</em>
<em>mCO₂: 44 g/mol</em>
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C₃H₈ + 5O₂ ----> 3CO₂ + 4H₂O
44g (44·3)g
44g C₃H₈ ------ 132g CO₂
15g C₃H₈ ------ X
X = (15×132)/44
<u>X = 45g CO₂
</u>
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The characteristics of solids that is most responsible for their structure are:
1. BONDING PATTERNS BETWEEN ATOMS.
2. TYPES OF MATTER IN SOLIDS.
Solid state is one of the four states of matter that exist; the other three are liquid, gas and plasma. Solids generally have their constituent particles arranged in a regular pattern, which is known as crystalline structure. The crystalline structure of the solid is due to the types of matter and the chemical bonds that exist between the particles of solids. The constituent particles of a solid can be atoms, ions or molecules.
1 mole of carbon dioxide contains a mass of 44 g, out of which 12 g are carbon.
Hence, in this case the mass of carbon in 8.46 g of CO2:
(12/44) × 8.46 = 2.3073 g
1 mole of water contains 18 g, out of which 2 g is hydrogen;
Therefore, 2.6 g of water contains;
(2/18) × 2.6 = 0.2889 g of hydrogen.
Therefore, with the amount of carbon and hydrogen from the hydrocarbon we can calculate the empirical formula.
We first calculate the number of moles of each,
Carbon = 2.3073/12 = 0.1923 moles
Hydrogen = 0.2889/1 = 0.2889 moles
Then, we calculate the ratio of Carbon to hydrogen by dividing with the smallest number value;
Carbon : Hydrogen
0.1923/0.1923 : 0.2889/0.1923
1 : 1.5
(1 : 1.5) 2
= 2 : 3
Hence, the empirical formula of the hydrocarbon is C2H3
