The physical characteristics of minerals include traits which are used to identify and describe mineral species. These traits include color, streak, luster, density, hardness, cleavage, fracture, tenacity, and crystal habit.
Answer:
C. parvum takes energy from glucose which is present in the digestive tract after the process of glycolysis.
Lactate dehydrogenase which is responsible for the conversion of lactate into pyruvate molecule.
Explanation:
C. parvum is a protozoa that lives as a parasite in the digestive tract of animals. They take nutrients from the cell which are present in the form of glucose. C. parvum uses a specific type of enzyme i. e. lactate dehydrogenase which is responsible for the conversion of lactate into pyruvate and also helps in the production of ATP through glycolysis process. In this process, the glucose molecule is broken down into two molecules of pyruvate, two molecules of ATP, two molecules of NADH, and two molecules of water. So C. parvum takes ATP from that way from the host cells.
Explanation:
There are several types of antibodies and antigens, and each antibody is capable of binding only to a specific antigen. ... Antigens are bound to antibodies through weak and noncovalent interactions such as electrostatic interactions, hydrogen bonds, Van der Waals forces, and hydrophobic interactions.
Antibodies attach to a specific antigen and make it easier for the immune cells to destroy the antigen. T lymphocytes attack antigens directly and help control the immune response. They also release chemicals, known as cytokines, which control the entire immune response.
both species had growth in number within the same time period
Clown fish and sea anemones.
