Answer:
b. In the first economy, the spending multiplier is greater than in the second economy. In the third economy, the spending multiplier is undefined
Explanation:
This can be easily understood by going through some calculations in a spending multiplier formula.
WORKINGS
The formula for Spending Multiplier = 
Spending Multiplier
Economy 1: Multiplier = 
= 2
Economy 2: Multiplier = 
= 1
Economy 3: Multiplier = 
= undefined
Note: MPS can be abbreviated as Marginal propensity to save
As we can see here economy 1 is 50% greater than economy 2 and economy 3 is undefined because they spend whole dollar they earn additionally.
On behalf of the above calculations, option B is a perfect match!
Answer:
An optional Call
Explanation:
Callable Bond
Callable bond represents an instrument of debt where the issuer issues the instrument reserving the right to make a return of the principal of investors including the stoppage of interest payments before the date of maturity of the bond.
Organisations would usually issue bonds as callable when either to meet unexpected obligations like pay off other debts, fund expansions or when they sense that opportunities may arise in the future for them to get other forms of financing at lower interest rates.
For bonds to be callable the terms must be clearly stated in the bond's offering.
Optional Call
In optional call, the issuer reserves the right to call the bonds to take advantage of present circumstances such as significant drop in interest rates (as stated in the question). However, the terms detailed in the bond resolution will allow the bondholders to receive a premium to par as compensation for their loss of interest payments on the called bond.
Furthermore, a period of time must usually pass before the issuer can use the optional call.
Answer: Option C
Explanation: Non price competition can be defined as the business strategy under which one entity tries to distinguish its commodity offered from another entity in the market with the help of advertising and promotion etc.
Non price competition is generally seen in the oligopoly market structure. The difference between two products in an oligopoly having non price competition is based on the design or workmanship of the manufacturer.
Answer:
<u>Brainstorming.</u>
Explanation:
The situation exposed in the question above is an example of brainstorming, which can be defined as a group dynamics technique where there is the generation of ideas for a given project.
This activity is developed with the main objective of exploring the creative and innovative capacity of an individual or a group, stimulating the team's creativity, collecting ideas and the maximum amount of information, visions and possibilities in order to achieve a determined objective.
