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Energy is stored in the organelle mitochondria and is released by the process of ATP. Usually the release of energy can be evident by the appearance of respiration.
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Answers:
a) carcinogenic
b) anti-carcinogenic
c) carcinogenic
d) carcinogenic
e) carcinogenic
f) anti-carcinogenic
g) anti-carcinogenic
h) anti-carcinogenic
Explanation:
Cyclins are proteins that regulate the progression through the cell cycle, i.e., the transition of G1 to S phase. It is well known that high cyclin expression may lead to cell proliferation states, which is closely associated with cancer progression. Moreover, the blockage of cyclins may have an anti-carcinogenic effect by inhibiting the progression through the cell cycle. MAP kinases are serine/threonine kinases that regulate the progression through the cell cycle by phosphorylating a variety of substrates during cell proliferation. In consequence, phosphatases that inactivate MAPK kinases (i.e., by dephosphorylation) may have an anticarcinogenic effect. The p53 is a tumor suppressor protein involved in diverse cellular processes including DNA repair, cycle arrest and programmed cell death. This protein (p53) is activated by phosphorylation at target residues and phosphatases inactivate it, thereby the blockage of its degradation may have an anticarcinogenic effect. Oncogene activation (i.e., the expression of oncogenes), may alter diverse cellular processes including DNA replication, and thereby may lead to cancer development. The G-protein α subunit is a GTPase that hydrolyses GTP and thus has a major role in controlling the kinetics of the G-protein signaling cascade. Platelet-derived growth factor receptors (PDGFR) are kinase receptors that play roles in regulating cellular differentiation, cell proliferation and cell growth. PDGFR receptors are present on the surface of normal cells, however, it has been shown that mutations of the PDGFR genes that lead to their high expression lead to uncontrolled cell growth and consequently cause cancer (i.e., by increasing PDGF signaling).
Answer:
Above the floor of challenger deep, the ocean zone located would be the <u>Hadal zone .</u>
Explanation:-
<u>THE CHALLENGER DEEP </u>- The deepest location in the ocean is the Challenger Deep, at the southern end of the Mariana Trench (sometimes called the Marianas Trench). It is difficult to measure its depth from the surface, but modern estimates vary from 305 meters (less than 1,000 feet). The Challenger Deep 's great depth is due to the successful steepening of the subducting slab along a region of poor link with the overriding plate tearing away from the northern part of the Mariana Trench in the southern part of the Mariana Trench.
<u>THE HADAL ZONE </u>-: The Hadal zone (named in Greek mythology after the domain of Hades, the underworld),, is the ocean's deepest area lying within oceanic trenches. The hadal zone is located at a depth of about 6,000 to 11,000 meters (20,000 to 36,000 feet) and is present in long but narrow V-shaped topographic depressions.
Hence, the answer is Hadal zone ,which is located just above the floor of Challenger Deep.
