Answer:
Police powers are the fundamental ability of a government to enact laws to coerce its citizenry for the public good, although the term eludes an exact definition. The term does not directly relate to the common connotation of police as officers charged with maintaining public order, but rather to broad governmental regulatory power. Berman v. Parker, a 1954 U.S. Supreme Court case, stated that “public safety, public health, morality, peace and quiet, law and order. . . are some of the more conspicuous examples of the traditional application of the police power”; while recognizing that “an attempt to define police powers reach or trace its outer limits is fruitless.”
Answer:
In D: 3J
Explanation:
Potential energy: Ep=mgh where m is the mass, h altitude.
In point A: h=20cm=0.2m
Epa=12=0.2×mg. Thus mg=12/0.2=60N
For point D: hd=5cm=0.05m
Epd=mg×0.05=60×0.05=3J
Horizontal distance between the bullet and the target (s) = 195 m
Horizontal velocity of the bullet (u) = 275 m/s
Time taken to cover the horizontal distance = 
Time taken (t) = 
t = 0.709 s
Now, in the vertical direction:
Initial velocity (u) = 0 m/s
Let the depth covered be h.
Time taken (T) = 0.709 s
Acceleration due to gravity (g) = 9.8 m/s^2
Now, using the seconds equation of motion:
h = 2.463 meters
Hence, the bullet will hit 2.463 meters below the target.
