Answer:
Phalanges: long bones
Sternum: flat bone
Vertebrae: Irregular bone
Answer:
Explanation: 1) Individual who is bald but neither parents has a widow's peak: As having a peak is dominant and the individual is bald with parents that doesn't have the trait, the genotype is recessive, in the case ww;
2) Individual has a widow's peak: The individual's genotype can be WW, homozygous for the trait or Ww, heterozygous for the trait, depending on the genotype of the parents;
3) Individual can't roll their tongue: Being able to roll the tongue is a dominant characteristics, so if the individual can't roll their tongue means the genotype is recessive. But, there is little evidence that this trait is dominant or inheritable;
4) Individual has a widow's peak but their mother does not: In this case, the genotype of the individual is heterozygous (Ww), because the mother is recessive (ww) and the offspring has the trait, so the father must have had it;
5) If an individual does not have a widow's peak (ww), which genotype would be impossible? If this individual crosses over with another individual with the same trait, their children will be all recessive for widow's peak (ww), so there is no possibility of an offspring with the trait;
If the initial individual crosses over with an individual with widow's peak, two possiblities can occur:
- If the crossover is with an individual homozygous for the trait (WW): all their children will have widow's peak with genotype Ww. So, the possibility of not having the peak is 0;
- If the crossover is with an individual heterozygous for the trait (Ww), there will be a probability of 25% for the children to have genotype WW, a probability of 50% for the offspring to be heterozygous (Ww) and has the trait and probability of 25% to be recessive (ww) and therefore doesn't have the trait;
Accuracy describes how well a measuring instrument determines the variable it is measuring. How close the value is to real value. The level of accuracy of measuring tool determines the detail to which it can measure. In order to be accurate in their work scientists need first select a measuring instrument that allows an appropriate measure of accuracy and then to calibrate it. Calibrating an instrument involves measuring already known quantities to check how accurately it is. In the laboratory accuracy of a test is determined when possible comparing results from the test in question with results geenrated from an established reference method.
