Oligarchy is a type of government in which control or hold absolute power by one leader or group of individuals. The authority is generally distinguished by nobility, wealth or power, family ties, education or corporate, religious or military control. Oligarchy from the word “oligos” means few and “arkho” means to rule or to command.
Answer: Inducements constitute an "undue influence" if they alter a potential subject’s decision-making processes, such that they do not appropriately weigh the risk-benefit relationship of the research.
Explanation:
Undue inducements are propositions that are so extremely attractive that they drive people to act in a way they ordinarily wouldn´t, or in a way that they would normally question on account of possible risks or underlying values.
Inducements are usually admissible, but sometimes they are undue, and the limit is difficult to be established. They become undue influence if they change potential subjects´ decision-making, undermining their capacity to properly weigh the risks and benefits of their participation in research.
Cognitive dissonance is the uncomfortable tension that can arise when two or more beliefs are held at the same time is the circumstances would you be more likely to experience cognitive dissonance.
According to psychology, cognitive dissonance is the perception of contradictory information and the mental stress that it causes. Relevant information can include, for instance, behaviors, feelings, thoughts, beliefs, values, and environmental circumstances. Cognitive dissonance frequently shows as psychological distress when people take a step that contradicts one or more of those. According to this theory, people will make every effort to adjust two behaviors or thoughts until they are psychologically consistent with one another. A person has discomfort when their beliefs clash with recently learned facts, and in order to feel better, they look for a way to resolve the conflict. Cognitive dissonance, or mental discomfort, happens when two opposing ideas are kept in the mind at the same time. When the thoughts include ethical elements, this discomfort is referred to as moral dissonance. Most people think they are moral people. However, research shows that the majority of people also frequently engage in dishonest behaviors that they would prefer that no one else see or know about.
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They think mortal flesh is just upon this earth and the after life is where everyone would go when they died so.. They didn't care for life
A difficulty facing those who plan and review behavioral studies is the risk of harm of the subject. They believe that it can affect negatively on the physical and emotional aspect of the subject.
However, in behavioral and social science, physical and emotional harm is unlikely. The only purpose of experiments is to observe people's behavior. Most of the time, subjects do not know that they are part of an experiment because if they do know about it, they will probably change their behavior. They will only be informed as soon as the experiment is over. The results of social experiments and research will become insignificant and unreliable if subjects are aware beforehand.
