The sarcomere<span> </span><span>is the basic unit of a </span><span>striated muscle and the force of a muscle is directly related to the extension that the sarcomere is under. When a sarcomere is extended from 1.5 micrometres to about 3 micrometres, the muscles' force is great and max at about 2/2.5 micrometres. When the muscle is fully extended and, therefore, the sarcomere is extended over than 3 micrometres, the muscle force decreases exponentially.</span>
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These pairs of genes then determine certain physical features or traits. The genes that you have in your body right now make up your genotype. This genotype then determines your physical appearance, which is called your phenotype. In this activity, you will be given two sets of chromosomes.
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Answer:
Immune system of the body helps in fighting with the infectious agents that are foreign for the body. So the immune system protects us from infection.
When any foreign substance(antigen) comes in the body B-lymphocyte recognize it by binding the antigen through its receptor. After recognizing the antigen, B cell divides into antibody-producing plasma cell and memory cell.
Antibodies produced by plasma cells help in destroying the antigen by getting the antigen recognized by phagocytic cells or by complement activation.
B cells are antigen-presenting cell which present antigen to T cell and then T cell activates and produce chemicals that kill the antigen. Therefore the immune system has many immune cells that activate when an antigen comes in the body. This is how the immune system functions.
