The Congress of Vienna<span> was convened in 1815 by the four European powers which had defeated Napoleon. The first goal was to establish a new balance of power in Europe which would prevent imperialism within Europe, such as the Napoleonic empire, and maintain the peace between the great powers.
Hope this helps!</span>
Crude divorce rate is the ratio of the number of divorces to the average population in a given year. Divorce-marriage ratio is the ratio of the number of divorces to the number of marriages in a given year. Refined divorce rate is the ratio of divorces to the number of married women. Divorce rate is the general term for all of these ratios.
Thus, from the description, the answer is divorce-marriage ratio.
Betty Lou gives her son Pierre a piece of pecan pie if he does all his homework. betty Lou is providing Pierre with a primary reinforcer
<h3>A primary reinforcer is what?</h3>
The elements that affect human learning and behavior have long been the subject of research by behavioral psychologists. In this area of research, learning is linked to classical and operant conditioning as well as the relationship between inputs and outcomes. Stimuli are signs or events in the environment that can elicit feelings and behaviors in both people and animals. For instance, if someone has positive associations with the aroma of pizza, the aroma of freshly baked pizza may tempt them to eat that particular sort of food. In the same way that smelling spoiled or unappetizing food can make someone feel sick, it can also cause them to avoid a specific region.
These illustrations demonstrate how associations people make between components of their environment and specific outcomes can have an impact on their behavior.
Operant conditioning is a type of learning in which a specific action's results influence whether or not that action is repeated in subsequent situations. Operant conditioning can be used to teach new behaviors by employing incentives and penalties to reinforce and correct behavior. For instance, by providing rewards that would encourage or reinforce particular behaviors, some animals can be trained to follow straightforward commands.
Consequently, a natural response to a stimulus is referred to as a primary reinforcer.
For more information on Primary Reinforcer, refer to the given link:
brainly.com/question/2396755
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Answer:
Hindi ko run po alam and sagot
Explanation:
sorry po
