B natural changes allow for greater biodiversity
Answer:
11) A. The optimum pH of an enzyme is 6.6
12) C. A control group
If the uppercase letters represent the dominant alleles, purple flowers and tall are the phenotype of a plant with the genotype Pptt.
A gene can exist in different forms across organisms. These different forms are known as alleles.
The subsequent combination of alleles that an individual possesses for a specific gene is their genotype.
Examples of genotype include:
- Hair colour
- Height
- Shoe size
- Eye colour
The sum of an organism’s observable characteristics is their phenotype. A key difference between phenotype and genotype is that, whilst genotype is inherited from an organism’s parents, the phenotype is not.
Whilst a phenotype is influenced the genotype, genotype does not equal phenotype. The phenotype is influenced by the genotype and factors including:
- Epigenetic modifications
- Environmental and lifestyle factors
Observing the phenotype is simple – we take a look at an organism’s outward features and characteristics, and form conclusions about them. Observing the genotype, however, is a little more complex.
Genotyping is the process by which differences in the genotype of an individual are analyzed using biological assays. The data obtained can then be compared against either a second individual’s sequence, or a database of sequences.
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Stem cells arise from the inner mass of the cell
Signalling factors trigger differentiation in stem cells
Genes that lead to the production of undifferentiated blood cells are activated
Signalling factors cause undifferentiated blood cells to produce red blood cells
Explanation:
Red blood cells are formed in the bone marrow. The precursor to the RBC is stem cell which is undifferentiated and pluripotent. The stem cell gets differentiated to form immature RBCs. Immature RBC then gets divided and becomes mature. Stem cell giving rise to RBC is called Haemoctytoblast. The process of erythropoiesis takes 2 days to form new red blood cells
