Answer:
Explanation:
Data:
50/50 ethylene glycol (EG):water
V = 4.70 gal
ρ(EG) = 1.11 g/mL
ρ(water) = 0.988 g/mL
Calculations:
The formula for the boiling point elevation ΔTb is
i is the van’t Hoff factor — the number of moles of particles you get from 1 mol of solute. For EG, i = 1.
1. Moles of EG
2. Kilograms of water
3. Molal concentration of EG
4. Increase in boiling point
5. Boiling point
The complete table is inserted.
A table is given,
Formulas used:
pH= -log(H⁺)
pOH= -log(OH⁻)
pH+ pOH=14
Calculations:
For A: (H⁺)=2×10⁻⁸M
Using the pH formula:
pH= -log(H⁺)=-log(2×10⁻⁸)=7.69
pOH=14 - 7.69=6.3
Calculating OH concentration,
pOH= -log(OH⁻)
6.3= -log(OH⁻)
(OH⁻)=5.011×10⁻⁷M
Hence, the nature of A is basic.
Similarily,
For B,
(OH⁻)=1×10⁻⁷
Using the pH formula:
pOH= -log(OH⁻)= -log(1×10⁻⁷)=7
pH=14-7=7
Calculating H concentration,
pH= -log(H⁺)
7= -log(H⁺)
(H⁺)=1×10⁻⁷M
Hence, the nature of B is neutral.
Similarily,
For C,
pH=12.3
Using the pH formula:
pOH=14-12.3=1.7
Calculating H concentration,
pH= -log(H⁺)
12.3= -log(H⁺)
(H⁺)=5.011×10⁻¹³M
Calculating OH concentration,
pOH= -log(OH⁻)
1.7= -log(OH⁻)
(OH⁻)=1.99×10⁻²M
Hence, the nature of C is Basic.
Similarily,
For D,
pOH=6.8
Using the pH formula:
pH=14-6.8=7.2
Calculating H concentration,
pH= -log(H⁺)
7.2= -log(H⁺)
(H⁺)=6.309×10⁻⁸M
Calculating OH concentration,
pOH= -log(OH⁻)
6.8= -log(OH⁻)
(OH⁻)=1.58×10⁻⁷M
Hence, the nature of D is basic.
Learn more about the acid and bases here:
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