The five types of states of matter are solid, liquid, gas, plasma and Bose-Einstein condensate.
Solid objects do not move a lot relative to themselves. Their molecules stay stacked neatly with no intermolecular spaces. They do not have much energy, or heat hence the molecules in solid state don't show movement.
Liquid state have more heat and more energy and a little more intermolecular space than solid. Their molecules are no longer stacked neatly due to presence of air capsules, but they still touch each other. Their structure is uncertain and can flow, their shape will alter quickly and dramatically with outside forces, but they will essentially remain a single mass unless pushed apart.
Gasses have even more energy than liquid and solid. Due to presence of high intermolecular spaces they flow like liquids, but are even more susceptible to the forces acting on them. Their molecules don’t touch each other, but are still close enough to bounce into one another frequently.
Plasma is the state of matter which is like a gas on steroids. Molecules of plasma might start in the same area, but rarely touch each other. Plasma molecules have lost electrons, and have become charged. Plasma molecules set other things on fire, and even vaporize them.
Bose-Einstein condensate or BEC was first created by scientists in the year 1995. This was created using a combination of lasers and magnets, Eric Cornell and Carl Weiman, scientists at the Joint Institute for Lab Astrophysics (JILA) in Boulder, Colorado, cooled a sample of rubidium to within a few degrees of absolute zero.
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Density can be defined in terms of the mass of a substance present in a certain volume.
i.e. Density = Mass/ volume
It helps classify and identify matter due to the following reasons:
1) Density is an intensive property. For a given substance the density will remain the same irrespective of the amount in which it is present.
For example: The density of Aluminum (Al) = 2.7 g/cm3. This value is a constant at a certain temperature and pressure. Therefore, the density will remain the same for 1 kilogram or 1 mg of Al
2) Different elements/compounds have different values of densities which is characteristic of that substance
4 sig fig in that expression
Answer: (a) Neon, Nitrogen; (b) Neon, Nitrogen; (c) Neon is lower than Nitrogen; (d) It doesn't affect;
Explanation: The kinetic-molecular theory studies the behavior of particles under pre-determinated situation. In cases of gases, the particles moving around colliding with each other and the walls of the container, without loss of energy. In the case in question, all the parameters are the same (same temperature, volume and pressure), except for the gases, which has different molar masses. In this sense, Neon has lower average speed due to its molar mass being higher, which means, its particles moves slower for being heavier. Related to pressure, as velocity is lower, it collides less with the walls of the tank, and so pressure is lower. For density, it doesn't affect the behavior of the system nor the kinetic energy.
