Consider the halogenation of ethene is as follows:
CH₂=CH₂(g) + X₂(g) → H₂CX-CH₂X(g)
We can expect that this reaction occurring by breaking of a C=C bond and forming of two C-X bonds.
When bond break it is endothermic and when bond is formed it is exothermic.
So we can calculate the overall enthalpy change as a sum of the required bonds in the products:
Part a)
C=C break = +611 kJ
2 C-F formed = (2 * - 552) = -1104 kJ
Δ H = + 611 - 1104 = - 493 kJ
2C-Cl formed = (2 * -339) = - 678 kJ
ΔH = + 611 - 678 = -67 kJ
2 C-Br formed = (2 * -280) = -560 kJ
ΔH = + 611 - 560 = + 51 kJ
2 C-I Formed = (2 * -209) = -418 kJ
ΔH = + 611 - 418 = + 193 kJ
Part b)
As we can see that the highest exothermic bond formed is C-F bond so from bond energies we can found that addition of fluoride is the most exothermic reaction
The mass (in grams) of iron, Fe that can be made from 21.5 g of Fe₂O₃ is 15.04 g
We'll begin by writing the balanced equation for the reaction. This is given below:
2Fe₂O₃ -> 4Fe + 3O₂
- Molar mass of Fe₂O₃ = 159.7 g/mol
- Mass of Fe₂O₃ from the balanced equation = 2 × 159.7 = 319.4 g
- Molar mass of Fe = 55.85 g/mol
- Mass of Fe from the balanced equation = 4 × 55.85 = 223.4 g
From the balanced equation above,
319.4 g of Fe₂O₃ decomposed to produce 223.4 g of Fe
<h3>How to determine the mass of iron, Fe produced</h3>
From the balanced equation above,
319.4 g of Fe₂O₃ decomposed to produce 223.4 g of Fe
Therefore,
21.5 g of Fe₂O₃ will decompose to produce = (21.5 × 223.4) / 319.4 = 15.04 g of Fe
Thus, 15.04 g of Fe were produced.
Learn more about stoichiometry:
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