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3 years ago

A chemical reaction has an increase in entropy and a decrease in enthalpy. What is known about the spontaneity of the reaction?

Chemistry

2 answers:

Contact [7]3 years ago

6 0

Answer: Reaction is spontaneous at all temperatures.

Explanation:

According to Gibb's equation:

$\Delta G=\Delta H-T\Delta S$

$\Delta G$ = Gibbs free energy

$\Delta H$ = enthalpy change

$\Delta S$ = entropy change

T = temperature in Kelvin

$\Delta G$ = +ve, reaction is non spontaneous

$\Delta G$ = -ve, reaction is spontaneous

$\Delta G$ = 0, reaction is in equilibrium

Thus when $\Delta H$ = -ve (decrease in enthalpy)

$\Delta S$ = +ve (increase in entropy)

$\Delta G=(-ve)-T(+ve)$

$\Delta G=(-ve)(-ve)=-ve$

Thus Reaction is spontaneous at all temperatures.

timofeeve [1]3 years ago

5 0

A chemical reaction has an increase in entropy and a decrease in enthalpy. The chemical reaction is spontaneous. A chemical reaction is spontaneous if it has an entropy greater than zero and an enthalpy less than 0

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Read 2 more answers

H A and H B are both weak acids in water, and HA is a stronger acid than HB. Which of the following statements is correct? Selec

lubasha [3.4K]

Answer:

B is a stronger base than A^-, which is a stronger base than H2O, which is a stronger base than CI^-

Explanation:

The general equation for each acid is:

HA(aq) + H2O(ac) ⇄ H3O+(aq) + A-(aq)

HB(aq) + H2O(ac) ⇄ H3O+(aq) + B-(aq)

When these acids dissociate into its ions in water they lose a proton (H+), so they are proton donors (acids) and H2O is the proton acceptor (base). This reaction produces a conjugate acid and a conjugate base.

Conjugate base is what remains of the acid molecule after it loses a proton:

HA = acid A- Conjugate base

HB = acid B- Conjugate base

A conjugate acid is formed when the proton is transferred to the base

H2O = base H3O+ = Conjugate acid

The stronger acid will produce a weaker base. According to this, if HA is a stronger acid than HB, A- would be the weaker base (B- is the stronger base).

Compared with water, A- and B- are stronger bases because when they compete for a proton they have much greater affinity for H+ than water does and the equilibrium position will lie far to the left. (HA and HB are weak acids)

Finally Cl- is the weakest base because it comes after dissociation of HCl which is a strong acid

HCl(aq) + H2O → H3O+(aq) + Cl-(aq)

Note there is no double arrows, equilibrium lies far to the right. A strong acid yields a weak conjugate base it means one that has a low affinity for a proton.

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