Gene mutations can be positive, negative, or neutral. Suppose that the normal gene in Model 2 produced a polypeptide that was necessary for cellular respiration.
A) Choose a mutation from those in Model 2 that might be positive for a cell. Explain your reasoning by relating the mutation to the cellular respiration process.
Genes encoded in our DNA result in the production of proteins that perform specific functions within human's cells and various environmental factors and spontaneous events can lead to changes in genes, these changes are called mutations, can lead to alterations in the structure and activity of the proteins in the cells use. Mutations are the source of all new alleles in nature and arise spontaneously at low frequency owing to the chemical instability of purine and pyrimidine bases and to errors during DNA replication. Therefore,a gene mutation is a change in the sequence of nucleotides that occurs during cell replication (mitosis and meiosis) within a single coding section of DNA. Variations in alleles lead to variations in organisms within a population, cellular respiration, i.e. the reduction of inspired oxygen to water, which powers cell function, also generates highly reactive oxygen species that can damage DNA, with the purine bases G and A being particularly susceptible to this kind of attack,so Positive mutations lead to the organism having a better chance of survival, which means the mutation may be passed on to the offspring.
B) Choose a mutation from those in Model 2 that might be negative for a cell. Explain your reasoning by relating the mutation to the cellular respiration process.
Due to one's metabolism, the human body replaces every cell within the cellular respiration process and any mistakes can also occur in the transcription of mRNA or the translation of a polypeptide. However, these changes are considered to be negative mutations, because they are not permanent changes to the cell, however such mutations may lead to an early death probably before the organism can produce offspring.
Answer:
a. Paper chromatography would separate the pigments into several bands that appear green or yellow/orange.
Explanation:
The primary or main pigment in plants is the chlorophyll. The chlorophyll gives plants their characteristics green colour and helps in the absorption of light during photosynthesis.
Other pigments in plants include carotenoid with its characteristic yellow, red or orange colour; anthocyanin with its re/blue colour and betalains with its red/yellow colour.
<em>Hence, if pigments from a particular species of plant are extracted and subjected to paper chromatography, one would expect the pigments to be separated into several colour bands ranging from green to yellow/orange.</em>
The correct option is a.
1. Like living things, viruses have genetic material and 2. viruses can evolve.
- Viruses share many genes with their host cells. Viruses are dependent on living organisms, which lead to some living characteristics - they can reproduce/replicate in living host cells, mutate, appear in different strains, and have unique genetic material. However, viruses are classified as not living things because they can’t carry out the necessary processes that meet all requirements for the classification of a living thing. They do NOT undergo respiration and cannot generate energy needed to survive on its own, but viruses *do* share a few features with living things.
