Answer:
• Advertising undermines competition.
Explanation:
Oligopoly is a market structure which contains the small kind of firms in that it have non-significant influence. The concentration ratio defines the highest firms market share
As per the given options, the advertising impact the choice for the consumer in an oligopoly at the time when advertising undermines the competition
Therefore the option b is correct
And, the rest of the options are wrong
Answer:
Explanation:
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The question is incomplete. The complete question is :
A manufacturer believes that the cost function : 
approximates the dollar cost of producing x units of a product. The manu- facturer believes it cannot make a profit when the marginal cost goes beyond $210. What is the most units the manufacturer can produce and still make a profit? What is the total cost at this level of production?
Solution :
Given the cost function is :
Now, Marginal cost = 
So, if the marginal cost = $ 210, then the manufacturer also makes a profit and if it goes beyond $ 210 than the manufacturer cannot make a profit.
Therefore, we have to equate : 
So when x = 45, then C(x) = $ 8042.5
Therefore, the manufacturer 
to 45 units and 
This leads to a total cost of $ 8042.5
Question Completion with Options:
a. Susan cannot deduct the $80,000 loss from the restaurant because she is not a material participant.
b. Susan can offset the $80,000 loss against the $150,000 of income from the retail store.
c. Susan will not be able to deduct any losses from the restaurant until she has been retired for at least three years.
d. Assuming Susan continues to hold the interest in the restaurant, she will always treat the losses as active.
Answer:
Susan
b. Susan can offset the $80,000 loss against the $150,000 of income from the retail store.
Explanation:
Susan can offset the $80,000 loss from the restaurant business against the income from the retail store because she has been an active and material participant in both businesses. For the past 20 years, she had participated materially in the restaurant, only just retiring this year. At least, she has passed the material participant test, number 5.
Explanation:
a. The journal entries are as follows
Taxes Expense A/c Dr $12,320
To Prepaid Taxes A/c $12,320
(Being the tax expense is recorded)
The computation is shown below:
= $18,480 × 8 months ÷ 12 months
= $12,320
Taxes Expense A/c Dr $45,000
To Property Taxes Payable A/c $45,000
(Being the taxes expense is recorded
b. The amount of tax expense for the current year is shown below:
= $12,320 + $45,000
= $57320
