Answer: adaptive immune response
Explanation:
Autoimmune disorders are caused by different microoorganism and drug which manipulates the immune system in a way that immune system become unable to recognise between self antigen and foreign antigen. In that case immune system treats foreign antigen as self antigen which cause systemic or organ specific damage.
The exact cause of autoimmune disorders is unknown and hence it is thought that it is caused by adaptive immune response which builds against self antigens and causes damage to the cells.
Hence, some autoimmune disorders are thought to be caused by adaptive immune response.
Answer:
The geologic time scale is an important tool used to portray the history of the Earth—a standard timeline used to describe the age of rocks and fossils, and the events that formed them. It spans Earth's entire history and is separated into four principle divisions.
Explanation:
The optimal pH can be measured by looking at enzyme activity verses pH. Enzyme activity will increase up to a certain pH; above that pH, the enzyme activity will begin to fall.
Answer:
B.
Explanation:
They take up the host organelles to reproduce more viruses inside.
