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Blababa [14]
3 years ago
6

Vegetable shortening is a food product rich in trans fatty acids. It is produced by converting several cis double bonds totransd

ouble bonds, which gives it texture and also reduces spoilage. Which of the following processes is used to manufacture vegetable shortening?
Biology
1 answer:
liraira [26]3 years ago
7 0

Answer:

Partial hydrogenation

Explanation:

Vegetable oils naturally contain cis fatty acids. These fatty acids have double bonds and the two H atoms are on the same side of bond, producing a kink in  the structure.

Cis fatty acids are converted into trans fatty acids by the process of partial hydrogenation or vegetable shortening. Hydrogen is added to convert some of the double bonds into single bonds but all double bonds are not removed. However, the cis double bonds end up getting converted to trans double bonds. H atoms are now on the opposite sides of the double bond. This arrangement makes the kink disappear from the structure hence trans fat is structurally similar to saturated animal fat. It increases the longevity of fats and makes it solid at room temperature but also has many side effects like increasing bad LDL cholesterol in blood.

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Serggg [28]

Answer:

i) Rusting occurs the least in tubes 2 and 3 because either of air and water which are necessary for rusting is absent in the two tubes respectively.

ii) Rusting occurs most in tube 1 because both air and water which are necessary for rusting are present.

Explanation:

Rusting is a chemical change which involves a redox reaction. During the process of rusting, metallic iron is oxidized to hydrated iron (iii) oxide by oxygen present in air.

For rusting to take place effectively, each of these three factors mist be available: metallic iron, oxygen and water.

In the figure above, the iron nails in the three tester tubes will rust to different extents based on the availability of the three factors.

In test tube 1, the iron nails will rust the most because all the three factors: metallic iron, oxygen present in air, and water are abundantly present.

In test tube 2, the iron nails will rust the least or not at all because boiling of water removes dissolved oxygen from water and the oil layer above the boiled water prevents entry of oxygen from air. Thus, the nail do not rust because one of the three factors for rusting to take place, in this instance, oxygen is absent.

In test tube 3, the iron nails rusts the least or not at all as well because moisture or water is absent. Calcium chloride, a drying agent removes all the moisture from inside the tube. Hence, even though air is present, rusting do not occur as there is no moisture or water present.

7 0
3 years ago
Explain the effects of osmosis on cells and tissues:
viva [34]

Answer:

In explanation.

Explanation:

Effect of osmosis on cells:

-Osmosis is the movement of water across a cell membrane. Cells use osmosis to maintain concentration equilibrium (the concentrations of solute inside and outside the cell are equal). Changing the amount of water allows the cells to achieve equilibrium.

Effects of osmosis on tissues:

-Red blood cells placed in a solution with a higher water concentration compared to their contents (eg pure water) will gain water by osmosis, swell up, and burst. Water will diffuse from a higher water concentration outside the cell to a lower water concentration inside the cell.

Hope this helps.

6 0
3 years ago
The purpose of this activity was to look at the effect of _______.
andrey2020 [161]

Answer:

what was the activity you did

4 0
3 years ago
How might an asteroid impact change earth’s climate
Klio2033 [76]

An asteroid hitting the earth would cause a lot of dust, ash, and other debris to go into the atmosphere which would block the sun which would cause the temperature to decrease.

8 0
3 years ago
Which is true regarding the TCA cycle (Krebs cycle)? A. pyruvate is an end product of the cycle B. energy capture in the cycle i
Naily [24]

Answer: D. some components of the cycle are used as building blocks for certain anabolic pathways.

Explanation:

The citric acid cycle or Kreb's cycle is the part of the cellular respiration. It is a sequence of chemical reaction which is used by all the aerobic organisms so as to store energy by the process of acetyl CoA oxidation derived by the process of fats, proteins and carbohydrates into forms like carbon dioxide and adenosine triphosphate (ATP).

The acetyl CoA is used in the process of synthesis of fatty acids. The citrate is used for the synthesis of cholestrol. The oxaloacetate and alpha ketogluterate are used for the synthesis of aminoacids. Succinyl CoA is used for the synthesis of poryphrins and fatty acids.

5 0
3 years ago
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