In a society with a market economy, property rights are generally enforced by

The IS curve represents Select one: a. the single level of output where financial markets are in equilibrium. b. the combination

iragen [17]

Answer:

D. the combinations of output and the interest rate where the goods market is in equilibrium.

Explanation:

The IS curve means investment-savings curve.

The IS curve is the combinations of output and the interest rate where the goods market is in equilibrium.

It is a curve which shows the different combinations of income (Y) and the real interest rate (r) such that the market for goods and services is in equilibrium.

This means that, every point on the IS curve is an income/real interest rate pair (Y,r) such that the demand for goods is equal to the supply of goods(Qs=Qd) or equivalently, the desired national saving is equal to desired investment.

7 0

3 years ago

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You are given the following information concerning Parrothead Enterprises: Debt: 9,300 7.4 percent coupon bonds outstanding, wit

Law Incorporation [45]

Answer:

a. Cost of debt = 5.03%.

b. Cost of equity = 11.47%

c. Cost of preferred stock = 4.90%

Explanation:

a. Calculation of cost of debt

The bond's Yield to Maturity is the before tax cost of debt and it can be calculated using the following RATE function in Excel:

YTM = RATE(nper,pmt,-pv,fv) * 2 .............(1)

Where;

YTM = yield to maturity = ?

nper = number of periods = number of semiannuals to maturity = Number of years * Number of semiannuals in a year = 21 * 2 = 42

r = semiannual coupon rate = Annual coupon rate / 2 = 7.4% / 2 = 0.074 / 2 = 0.037

pmt = semiannual coupon payment = semiannual coupon rate * Face value = 0.037 * $2,000 = $74 = 74

pv = present value = quoted bond price = 108.75% * fv = 108.75% * 2000 = 2,175 = 2175

fv = face value or par value of the bond = 2000

Substituting the values into equation (1), we have:

YTM = RATE(42,74,-2175,2000) * 2 ............ (2)

Inputting =RATE(42,74,-2175,2000)*2 into excel (Note: as done in the attached excel file), the YTM is obtained as 6.62%.

Therefore, we have:

After tax cost of debt = YTM * (100% - Tax rate) = 6.62% * (100% - 24%) = 5.03%

Therefore, cost of debt is 5.03%.

b. Calculation of cost of equity

Based on the information in the question, the return on equity can be calculated using the dividend discount model and capital asset pricing model (CAPM) formulae.

b-1. Using the dividend discount model formula, we have:

P = D1 / (r – g) ………………………. (3)

Where:

P = Common stock selling price per share = $66.40

D1 = Next year dividend = $4.60

r = return on equity = ?

g = dividend growth rate = 5.4%, or 0.054

Substituting the value into equation (3) and solve for r, we have:

66.40 = 4.60 / (r – 0.054)

66.40(r – 0.054) = 4.60

66.40r - 3.5856 = 4.60

66.40r = 4.60 + 3.5856

66.40r = 8.1856

r = 8.1856 / 66.40

r = 0.1233, or 12.33%

b-2. Using CAMP formula, cost of equity can be calculated as follows:

Return on equity = Risk free rate + Stock beta(Expected return – Risk free rate) = 4.55% + (1.09 * (10.1% - 4.55%)) = 10.60%

b-3. The cost of equity can therefore be calculated as the average of the returns of equity from the two formulae is as follows:

Cost of equity = (12.33% + 10.60%) / 2 = 11.47%

c. Calculation of cost preferred stock

Note that since the preferred stock selling price per share is $95.90, it indicates that it par value is $100 and is being sold at a discount. Therefore, we have:

Cost of preferred stock = (Preferred stock dividend rate * Preferred stock par value) / Preferred stock selling price per share = (4.70% * 100) / 95.90 = 0.0490, or 4.90%

Download xlsx

4 0

2 years ago

(8 points) The following information relates to the Windsor Company.DateEnding Inventory(End-of-Year Prices)PriceIndexDecember 3

ad-work [718]

Answer:

Windsor Company

year Inventory Indexes Inventory Change from prior y

at year prices at base year price

2013 $63,500 100 63,500 -

2014 105,434 119 88,600 25,100

2015 113,446 131 86,600 (2000)

2016 128,792 136 94,700 8,100

2017 118,158 141 83,800 (10,900)

Dollar Value Inventory

Dec 31 , 2013 $63,500 at 1.00 $63,500

Dec 31, 2014 $63,500 at 1.00 $63,500

25,100 * 1.19 29,869

93,369

Dec 31 2015 $63,500*1.00 63,500

23,100*1.19 27,489

90,989

Dec 31, 2016 $63,500*1.00 63,500

23,100*1.19 27,489

8,100*1.36 11,016

102,005

Dec 31 , 2017 $63,500*1.00 63,500

20,300*1.19 24,157

87,657

Explanation:

7 0

3 years ago

Ken consumes two goods, Sprite and potato chips. Sprite costs $1 per can, and he consumes it to the point where the marginal uti

borishaifa [10]

Answer:

The correct option is c. $8.

Explanation:

Ken will maximize utility where the following equation holds:

MU of Sprite / Price of Sprite = MU of potato chips / Price of potato chips ................. (1)

Where;

MU of Sprite = Marginal utility of Sprite = 3

Price of Sprite = $1 per can

From the table in the question, equation (1) holds at the point where Marginal utility of potato chips is 6 since the Potato chips cost $2 per bag.

Substituting the values into equation (1), we have:

MU of Sprite / Price of Sprite = MU of potato chips / Price of potato chips => 3 / 1 = 6 / 2 = 3

Since when the marginal utility of potato chips that maximizes utility is 6, Ken consumes 4 Bags of Potato chips monthly and pays $2 per bag at this point, the amount he spends on potato chips each month can be calculated as follows:

Amount spent on potato monthly = Number of bags of Potato chips consumed monthly * Cost of potato chips per bag = 4 * $2 = $8

Therefore, the correct option is c. $8.

3 0

3 years ago

For purposes of determining current E&P, which of the following items cannot be deducted in the year incurred? A. dividend

Bogdan [553]

Answer:

A. dividendsminus−received deduction.

Explanation:

This allows companies to avoid mostly third taxes on the same earnings.

It is explained to be a federal tax deduction in the U.S. that is given to certain corporations that get dividends from related entities. The amount of the dividend that a company can deduct from its income tax is tied to how much ownership the company has in the dividend-paying company. However, there are criteria that must be met in order to qualify for a DRD.

The dividends received deduction allows a company that receives a dividend from another company to deduct that dividend from its income and reduce its income tax accordingly.

7 0

3 years ago