Explanation:
How many nitrogen molecules are in 1 liter of nitrogen gas at STP?
Answer
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Pete Gannett
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Ph.D. Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, (1982)2y
Seems to be an ideal gas law question. The relevant equation is:
PV = nRT
where P is the pressure in atmospheres, V is the volume in liters, n is the number of moles of gas, R is the gas constant (0.082 atm-L/mole-deg K), and T is temperature in Kelvins. STP means standard temperature and pressure and this is taken as 1 atm and 0º C or 273 K.
To calculate the number of molecules we will use the constant 6.023 * 10^23 molecules/mole and, therefore, we will need to know the number of moles (n). So, first we’ll rearrange the gas law equation, isolating ’n’ and then put the numbers in.
n = PV/RT = 1 * 1 / (0.082)(273) = 0.0447 moles
So, to calculate the number of molecules, multiple this by the number of molecules in a mole and you get:
# molecules of nitrogen in 1 Liter at STP = 6.023 * 10^23 molecules/mole * 0.0447 moles = 2.6905 * 10^22 molecules
Note, it does not matter what the gas is.
