The kinetic theory states that potential energy in a gas is low but has high potential energy and they move around fast, Say in a solid it has more potential energy but less kinetic.
Inertia. Inertia is the natural tendency of bodies to remain in their states of either rectilinear or resting motion.
This information confirms that temperature and solubility are related. The higher the temperature is, the more soluble.
A mutant protein is the protein product encoded by a gene with mutation. Mutated protein can have single amino acid change (minor, but still in many cases significant change leading to disease) or wide-range amino acid changes by e.g. truncation of C-terminus after introducing premature stop codon.
About 4-5 not all at once