the time it take for a planet to rotate on its axis makes up its day so if it were slower the day would be longer like earth, it take about 24 hours to make one full rotation.
Now for a year the distance from its star is the largest factor, because the further out the longer it takes to revolve around it, thus making a longer year.
The electrons closer to the nucleus would have more energy than the electrons farther away from the nucleus.
