Question

Please choose the correct citation for the case which established the "minimum contacts" test for a court’s jurisdiction in a case.
a. Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka, 347 U.S. 483 (1954).
b. International Shoe Co. v. Washington, 326 U.S. 310 (1945)
c. Haynes v. Gore, 531 U.S. 98 (2000).
d. International Shoe Co. v. Washington, 14 U.S. Code 336

Answer 1

Answer:

b. International Shoe Co. v. Washington, 326 U.S. 310 (1945)

Explanation:

The term, 'Minimum Contact' specifies when it is appropriate for a court to exercise jurisdiction of a case over a defendant. The case, International Shoe Co. v. Washington, 326 U.S. 310 (1945) was the first notable decision taken by the  Supreme court of the United States, where the court ruled that a defendant was subject to the jurisdiction of the state over which it had 'minimum contacts'.

The case was between the International Shoe Company and the state of Washington. The main business operation base for International Shoe Company was in Missouri but they did business in rented facilities in Washington. The state charged them to court for not paying certain taxes for operating their business in Washington. The lower courts ruled in favor of the state. The supreme court however ruled that 'minimum contacts' must be established before a court can exercise jurisdiction over a  defendant. This involves knowing the level of business dealings and contacts maintained between the defendants and citizens of the state, as well as the benefits derived by the defendant from the state.