Answer:
The article revealed the fact that Black inventors have always played an active role in inventing new things in America. In the 18th and 19th centuries they were denied the right to patent their inventions because of their status as slaves. This has changed for the better in present times as many Black inventors are being granted patent rights.
Explanation:
The article, "America’s always had black inventors – even when the patent system explicitly excluded them", by Shontavia Johnson, explained the active role that Black Americans, both free and slaves played in inventing things in the United Slaves. The article explained that although the patent rights signed into the constitution in 1787 was written in a neutral tone, it did not change the fact that black inventors were actually denied patent rights.
This segregation affected people like Henry Boyd, Ned, Benjamin Montgomery among others. In recent times, this segregation has significantly been curbed as many Black inventors are now owners of patents. An example is Lonnie Johnson, inventor of the Water Gun and owner of more than 80 patents.
Answer:
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Explanation I think Characteristics of ATP. Adenosine triphosphate (ATP) is an essential aspect to life, as it is the basic source of energy for all known living cells. ATP serves a dual function: it is individually a source of energy, as well as being involved in processes that release more energy when it is broken down to form adenosine diphosphate (ADP).
Answer:
In order to be useful in treating human infections, antibiotics must selectively target bacteria for eradication and not the cells of its human host. Indeed, modern antibiotics act either on processes that are unique to bacteria--such as the synthesis of cell walls or folic acid--or on bacterium-specific targets within processes that are common to both bacterium and human cells, including protein or DNA replication. Following are some examples.
Most bacteria produce a cell wall that is composed partly of a macromolecule called peptidoglycan, itself made up of amino sugars and short peptides. Human cells do not make or need peptidoglycan. Penicillin, one of the first antibiotics to be used widely, prevents the final cross-linking step, or transpeptidation, in assembly of this macromolecule. The result is a very fragile cell wall that bursts, killing the bacterium. No harm comes to the human host because penicillin does not inhibit any biochemical process that goes on within us.
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Explanation:
It is the disulphide bond.
