Septicemic (or septicaemic) plague is one of the three main forms of plague. It is caused by Yersinia pestis, a gram-negative species of bacterium. Septicemic plague is a life-threatening infection of the blood, most commonly spread by bites from infected fleas.
Like some other forms of gram-negative sepsis, septicemic plague can cause disseminated intravascular coagulation, and is almost always fatal when untreated (the mortality rate in medieval times was 99-100 percent).<span>[citation needed]</span> However, it only occurs in a minority of cases of Yersinia infection, so that fewer than 5,000 people a year acquire the disease. It is in fact the rarest of the three plague varieties; the other forms are bubonic and pneumonic plague.
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Bacillus Calmette–Guerin vaccine is a vaccine primarily used against tuberculosis. It is named after its inventors Albert Calmette and Camille Guerin. In countries where TB or leprosy is common, one dose is recommended in healthy babies as soon after birth as possible.
Inactivated polio vaccine (IPV) is the only polio vaccine that has been given in the United States since 2000. IPV is given by shot in the leg or arm, depending on the patient's age. Oral polio vaccine (OPV) is used in other countries. CDC recommends that children get four doses of polio vaccine.
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