Answer:
The process of making an inference, an interpretation based on observation
and prior knowledge is termed as <u><em>inferring.</em></u>
Explanation:
Inference is one of the steps for scientific researches to occur. In simple words, an inference can be described as the logical interpretation of data based on past observations and knowledge. Any observation looked by a scientist follows the phase of inference where the scientists use prior knowledge for inferring his observation. Based on the inference, a possible hypothesis can be devised and formulated. A hypothesis usually arises from prior inferences.
A physical change means that none of the atoms or chemical bonds have been changed inside of something. Therefore, if you make a physical change, you should be able to revert it back. That means that the answer to this question is "The changed substance retains its unique properties." because it is the only answer choice where nothing major is being changed. The rest of the answer choices indicate that once changed, it isn't able to be changed back.
Answer:
1. They must be removed before sister chromatids or homologous chromosomes can separate
Explanation:
During the S-phase of the cell cycle, not only does DNA have to be replicated, but also newly synthesized DNA molecules have to be connected with each other. This replicated DNA (sister chromatids) remain physically connected with each other from S phase until metaphase. This physical connection is called Sister chromatids cohesion.
Sister chromatid cohesion depends on COHESIN, a tripartite protein complex that forms a ring structure to hold sister chromatids together during mitosis and meiosis. Cohesin regulates the separation of sister chromatids during cell division, either mitosis or meiosis. This sister chromatid cohesion is essential for the biorientation of chromosomes on the mitotic or meiotic metaphase spindle, and is thus an essential prerequisite for chromosome segregation. Without the cohesion, sister chromatids would not be segregated symmetrically between the forming daughter cells, resulting in aneuploidy.
Cohesion is established during S-phase of DNA replication, and the cohesins hold the sister chromatid together after DNA replication until anaphase when the removal of cohesin leads to separation of sister chromatids (meiosis II and mitosis) and homologous chromosomes (meiosis I).
Sympathetic-adreno-medullar (SAM) axis, secretes noradrenaline and norepinephrine and the hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis, secretes glucocorticoids during stress.
SAM (Sympathetic-adreno-medullar) axis activation occurs in just a seconds as a result of a stressor and generate a adaptive respond towards stressor. The HPA axis is a slower response system involving release of corticosteroids .
Corticosteroids are corticotropin releasing hormone, adrenocorticotropic hormone, and cortisol, Which suppress the immune system . Corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF) plays a major role in the stress response by regulating the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis.
To learn more about Corticosteroids , here
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You can find the air spaces in the cell of the leaves where
stoma can be located. The stoma allows
for carbon dioxide to come in, and oxygen to go out. A stoma opens into the airspace inside the
leaf. Carbon dioxide, oxygen, water vapour are the gases might you find in the
air space.
