Eccentricity is the ratio of the distance from the center of an ellipse to one of its foci to the distance from the center of the ellipse to one of its vertices.
Answer - D
Gametes always have half the number of chromosomes compared to the somatic cells, hence an unfertilized egg would have half the chromosomes from the mother, and a fertilized egg will contain diploid number of chromosomes. Half of them from inherited from each of the two parents.
Convergent evolution is the concept of two or more species evolving similar traits despite being completely unrelated to one another, including the absence of a common ancestor.
The Platyrrhines, more commonly known as "New World Monkeys", share many characteristics with the Prosimians. Some of these include:
- Teeth layout
- Diet
- Eyesight
- Sleeping habits
and more.
The Platyrrhines and the Prosimians are both nocturnal animals. Despite all other members of their family being active during the day, the Playrrhines have evolved nocturnal habits similar to that of the Prosimians. Aside from that, they<u> feed on insects</u> more so than fruit, which is reflected by the layout of their teeth, and have eyesight well adapted to dark conditions. All of these are traits they share with the Prosimians.
Despite being in different ecosystems and regions, and sharing no recent common ancestors, both of these species <u>have evolved strikingly similar traits.</u> This can be used to corroborate the theory of convergent evolution, which explains how <u>two </u><u>species </u><u>can </u><u>evolve</u><u> very similar </u><u>traits </u><u>despite being unrelated.</u>
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Answer:
Options A, B, E, and F are correct
Explanation:
A). In the cell cycle, DNA replication is a process by which a duplicate DNA strand is produced with the help of replication machinery (enzymes, nucleotides, etc.). The overall process ensures that the newly developed strand is free of any mutations (errors) causing the production of wrong proteins at later stages. Although, there are chances of positive, negative or neutral mutations, the replication machinery aims to avoid any such errors at this stage.
B). DNA stores genetic information in the form of codes (known as codon) which needs to be translated in the form of proteins. This process is known as a transcription by which messenger RNA (mRNA) is produced in the nucleolus. Thereon, it is transported outside to encode proteins with the help of ribosomes. The process of copying genetic information on DNA in the form of mRNA is known is transcription.
E). The figure shown is also known as the central dogma of life. According to which, DNA (genetic information) is transcribed into RNA, which is then translated to proteins. In brief, RNA molecules brings the information from nucleous to ribosomes and make proteins. These proteins are often enzymes, hormones, and other biomolecules that perform the important functions in living organisms.
F). DNA and RNA are two types of nucleic acids responsible for all types of life on Earth. Since both of them are well recognized as nucleotides, they are made up of the same genetic building blocks known as nucleotides. Further, each nucleotide is comprised of a five-carbon sugar, a phosphate group, and a nitrogen base. The sequence of these nucleotides is responsible for the production of specific types of proteins.
