An act of changing physical location or position or of having this changed.
        
             
        
        
        
Answer: Longitudinal research
Explanation:
Longitudinal research is the research study that is carried out by the researchers through observation technique. Information and sample are collected on the same project over a time period to observe any kind of change.
These researches can take huge amount of time such as may years to notice the alteration on the repeated observation.This study is carried out on the same individual or same group of individuals s the subject.
 
        
             
        
        
        
Answer: c) participant observation.
Explanation:
Participant observation is the qualitative research mechanism through which researchers get involved in the research activity along with the participants for studying and observing.It gives comprehensive understanding to researcher.It is usually carried out in field of sociology and anthropology. 
According to the question,John is using participant observation as he is becoming a part of research along with homeless people to keenly observe the process and collect data on basis of that.
Other options are incorrect because secondary data analyzation, comparative research and qualitative technique are not used by investigator to become a part of research along with participants.Thus,the correct option is option(c).
 
        
             
        
        
        
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