Longitude is vertical.
Hope that helps!!!
A strict constructionist is a person who believes that the u.s. constitution should not be amended by judges and that judges should adhere closely to the document's text.
A strict constructionist is the one who believes that the wording of the Constitution is incomprehensible and that the words of the Constitution should be interpreted literally. This philosophy is usually associated with federal jurisdiction when it involves constitutional issues. A strict constructionist usually specifies to a judge who interprets the constitution exactly as it is written. Anyone can be a strict constructionist, but the term best applies to those with political power.
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I think you mean the Umayyad Caliphate and your question is from which country to which country this empire streched at the time (correct me if I'm wrong!)
So, their conquest of Spain hasn't started till 711 on the West, their land streched to today's Morocco.
In the east, they have reached the north of India, what is today mostly in Pakistan.
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