Above question is incomplete. Complete question is attached below
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Correct Answer:
Option D i.e. CH3CH2CH2CH2CH3
Reason:
Isomers are the compounds having same molecular formula, but different structural formula.
The molecular formula of the compound is C5H12
The compound present is question (i.e. 2-methyl butane) and option D (n-pentane) has same molecular formula. Hence, they are isomers.However, compound present in option A, is the same compound provided in question. Hence, it is not an isomer. Compounds reported in option B and C has one carbon atom less and more, respectively as compared to the compound reported in question. Hence, they are also not isomers.
Answer:
B) K2X
Explanation:
In an uncharged compound, the total oxidation state must be zero. The oxidation state of the calcium is +2, thus we get the following formula, where x is the oxidation state of the polyatomic ion X:

Also, it is known that potassium has an oxidation state of +1. Since the new compound also has a total oxidation state equal to zero, we get the following equation, where k is the number of K atoms:

That's how it is found that the compumd consists of 2 K+ ions and one X ion.
Explanation:
The nomenclature of ionic compounds is given by:
1. Positive is written first. And if the metal atom has various oxidation states then its oxidation state is to be mentioned in brackets with help of roman numbers
2. The negative ion is written next and a suffix is added at the end of the negative ion. The suffix written is '-ide'.
1.) : Calcium chloride (Correct)
In the given compound, calcium has oxidation state of +2 and chlorine has oxidation state of -1.The name is correct.
2.) : Copper (II) oxide (Incorrect)
In the given compound,copper has the oxidation state of +1 and oxygen has oxidation state of -2.So ,the correct name will be Copper (I) oxide.
3.) : Lead (II) sulfide (Incorrect)
In the given compound, lead has the oxidation state of +4 and sulfur has oxidation state of -2. So ,the correct name will be Lead (IV) sulfide.
Answer:
The order is
Quartz > Calcium > Ammonia > Chlorine
Explanation:
Among given compounds
Quartz is a covalent compound with extensive bondings and thus it will have highest melting point
Calcium is a metal so it will have strong metallic bonds thus will have high melting point, however less than quartz.
ammonia is a polar molecule with weak hydrogen bond as intermolecular interactions thus will have higher melting point than chlorine
chlorine is a non polar molecule with weak intermolecular london dispersion forces.